2.2.4 Robustness of carbon emission models

For infrastructure investors, monitoring the carbon footprint of a vast number of assets, potentially ranging from hundreds to thousands, presents a monumental challenge. The scale and complexity of these investments, which often span multiple sectors and geographies, make it exceedingly difficult to gather accurate and comprehensive data on each asset's carbon emissions. Furthermore, varying transparency and reporting standards among different jurisdictions and industries result in inconsistent and sometimes unreliable data.