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["This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License."]

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["BusinessRiskClasses","BusinessRiskSubclasses","BusinessRiskSynonyms"]
["BR1 - Contracted: Contracted infrastructure firms enter into long-term contracts to pre-sell all or most of their output at a pre-agreed price. All or the majority of market risk (price and/or demand) is transferred to a third party. The contract is for a significant period of the investment's life, typically one or several decades. ","BR10 - Fully contracted income: Fully contracted infrastructure firms enter into a long-term contract by which they will provide a service or product corresponding to the entirety of their activity. Hence they do not engage in any other activity during the life of the contract.","- Availability-based infrastructure or project\n- Take-or-pay off-take agreement\n- Capacity agreements\n- Tolling agreements\n- Large-scale generation certificates (LGCs) and small-scale technology certificates (STCs)"]
["BR1 - Contracted: Contracted infrastructure firms enter into long-term contracts to pre-sell all or most of their output at a pre-agreed price. All or the majority of market risk (price and/or demand) is transferred to a third party. The contract is for a significant period of the investment's life, typically one or several decades. ","BR11 - Partially contracted income: Partially contracted infrastructure firms commit to deliver a certain level of service or output below their full capacity level.","- Shadow tolling arrangements\n- Partial capacity agreements\n- Partial power purchase agreements \n- Feed-in tariff"]
["BR2 - Merchant: Merchant infrastructure firms are mostly or fully exposed to market risk (price and demand risk).","BR20 - Variable income: Merchant infrastructure firms collect fees and tariffs from end users as a function of the effective demand for service.","- Real toll roads\n- Merchant power plants"]
["BR3 - Regulated: The regulator can set allowable limits on tariffs, rate of returns, or revenues. Also referred to as discretionary regulation.","BR30 - Rate-of-return regulation: The regulator is expected to set tariffs high enough to cover the costs of an efficient firm, including operating-expense depreciation and a reasonable return on invested capital. ","- Cost-of-service regulation\n- Commission regulation"]
["BR3 - Regulated: The regulator can set allowable limits on tariffs, rate of returns, or revenues. Also referred to as discretionary regulation.","BR31 - Price-cap regulation: The regulator sets a multiyear price cap typically defined in terms of the rate of inflation minus an expected rate of productivity improvement. Firms can increase their profits by cutting costs between regulatory reviews, thus creating incentives for efficiency gains.","- Incentive regulation"]

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["GroupCode","GroupName","GroupDescription","SectorCode","SectorName","SectorDescription","AssetCode","AssetName","AssetDescription"]
["IC10","Power Generation x-Renewables","Stand-alone power generation using a range of technologies except wind, solar, and other renewable sources.","IC1010","Independent Power Producers","Independent power producers (IPP) provide electricity to power distribution and transmission companies or directly to industrial or commercial clients.","IC101010","Nuclear Power Generation","Nuclear power plants heat water in producing steam using nuclear reactors combined with the Rankine cycle. It is a nuclear fission process whereby the steam is used to spin large turbines that generate electricity."]
["IC10","Power Generation x-Renewables","Stand-alone power generation using a range of technologies except wind, solar, and other renewable sources.","IC1010","Independent Power Producers","Independent power producers (IPP) provide electricity to power distribution and transmission companies or directly to industrial or commercial clients.","IC101020","Gas-Fired Power Generation","Gas-fired power plants that utilise Open-cycle gas turbine (OCGT) and Combined Cycle gas turbine (CCGT) technologies. OCGT plants burn natural gas to create a pressurised gas as the working fluid used to turn a turbine to extract energy in the form of electricity.While CCGT plants employ both gas turbine and steam turbines in combination to maximise electricity output where it uses the resulting waste heat from the gas turbine to produce steam to run the steam turbine."]
["IC10","Power Generation x-Renewables","Stand-alone power generation using a range of technologies except wind, solar, and other renewable sources.","IC1010","Independent Power Producers","Independent power producers (IPP) provide electricity to power distribution and transmission companies or directly to industrial or commercial clients.","IC101030","Coal-Fired Power Generation","Coal-fired plants where coal is pulverized and injected into a boiler and burned to produce steam that flows into a turbine that spins a generator to generate electricity."]
["IC10","Power Generation x-Renewables","Stand-alone power generation using a range of technologies except wind, solar, and other renewable sources.","IC1010","Independent Power Producers","Independent power producers (IPP) provide electricity to power distribution and transmission companies or directly to industrial or commercial clients.","IC101040","Combined Heat and Power Generation","Cogeneration power plant that concurrently generates electricity and thermal energy used for a district or industrial heating from a single fuel source."]
["IC10","Power Generation x-Renewables","Stand-alone power generation using a range of technologies except wind, solar, and other renewable sources.","IC1010","Independent Power Producers","Independent power producers (IPP) provide electricity to power distribution and transmission companies or directly to industrial or commercial clients.","IC101050","Other Fossil-Fuel-Fired Power Generation","Power plant where crude oil and gaseous fuels other than natural gas are used to generate electricity."]
["IC10","Power Generation x-Renewables","Stand-alone power generation using a range of technologies except wind, solar, and other renewable sources.","IC1020","Independent Water and Power Producers","Independent water and power producers (IWPP) are power producers with a colocated water-desalination or filtration facility. Industrial, potable, or ultra-pure water is typically a by-product of the power generation process.","IC102010","Power and Water Production","Power producers with a  co-located water-desalination or filtration facility. Industrial, potable, or ultra-pure water is typically a by-product of the power generation process."]
["IC20","Environmental Services","Companies involved in the treatment of water, wastewater, and solid waste for sanitation and reuse purposes.","IC2010","Waste Treatment","Waste treatment services include the collection and disposal of waste refuse from residential, commercial, or industrial sources.","IC201010","Non-Hazardous Waste Treatment","Waste treatment facilities that treat common residential, commercial and industrial waste that is considered non-hazardous in solid or non-solid states. The facilities include landfills, transfer stations, compost facilities, recyclers, and processors."]
["IC20","Environmental Services","Companies involved in the treatment of water, wastewater, and solid waste for sanitation and reuse purposes.","IC2010","Waste Treatment","Waste treatment services include the collection and disposal of waste refuse from residential, commercial, or industrial sources.","IC201020","Hazardous Waste Treatment","Waste treatment facilities that are meant for hazardous waste originating from residential, commercial or industrial sources whereby the treatment involves chemical, biological and physical methods. The facilities also have a safety containment system for temporary storage before landfill disposal."]
["IC20","Environmental Services","Companies involved in the treatment of water, wastewater, and solid waste for sanitation and reuse purposes.","IC2010","Waste Treatment","Waste treatment services include the collection and disposal of waste refuse from residential, commercial, or industrial sources.","IC201030","Waste-to-Power Generation","Power plants that burn solid waste at a high temperature to produce superheated steam that drives generators to produce electricity. "]
["IC20","Environmental Services","Companies involved in the treatment of water, wastewater, and solid waste for sanitation and reuse purposes.","IC2010","Waste Treatment","Waste treatment services include the collection and disposal of waste refuse from residential, commercial, or industrial sources.","IC201040","Waste incineration","A plant that incinerates waste through a moving grate, rotary kiln, thermal oxidizers for gases, fumes, and liquid waste. The types of waste include residential, hazardous, medical, and many others. No electricity as by-product."]
["IC20","Environmental Services","Companies involved in the treatment of water, wastewater, and solid waste for sanitation and reuse purposes.","IC2010","Waste Treatment","Waste treatment services include the collection and disposal of waste refuse from residential, commercial, or industrial sources.","IC201050","Gaseous Waste Treatment","Waste treatment facilities that treat gaseous waste via thermal and dry or wet gas treatment. "]
["IC20","Environmental Services","Companies involved in the treatment of water, wastewater, and solid waste for sanitation and reuse purposes.","IC2020","Water Supply and Treatment","Stand-alone water treatment companies produce water for various uses, including residential, commercial, and industrial end users.","IC202010","Potable Water Treatment","A water treatment facility that removes impurities in the raw water collected from a lake, reservoir or river to produce water that is consumable for humans. Water flows into the tank, where coagulation, flocculation, and clarification, followed by sedimentation, occur."]
["IC20","Environmental Services","Companies involved in the treatment of water, wastewater, and solid waste for sanitation and reuse purposes.","IC2020","Water Supply and Treatment","Stand-alone water treatment companies produce water for various uses, including residential, commercial, and industrial end users.","IC202020","Industrial Water Treatment","Industrial wastewater treatment is used to treat contaminated waters by industrial activities before it can be reused or release into the environment."]
["IC20","Environmental Services","Companies involved in the treatment of water, wastewater, and solid waste for sanitation and reuse purposes.","IC2020","Water Supply and Treatment","Stand-alone water treatment companies produce water for various uses, including residential, commercial, and industrial end users.","IC202030","Sea Water Desalination","A facility that removes salt and other elements from water in order to generate clean water. Typically, it separates water molecules from seawater using reverse osmosis technology."]
["IC20","Environmental Services","Companies involved in the treatment of water, wastewater, and solid waste for sanitation and reuse purposes.","IC2020","Water Supply and Treatment","Stand-alone water treatment companies produce water for various uses, including residential, commercial, and industrial end users.","IC202040","Water Supply Dams","A water dam is a structure built across a river or a stream used to supply water for agriculture, industrial uses and household uses."]
["IC20","Environmental Services","Companies involved in the treatment of water, wastewater, and solid waste for sanitation and reuse purposes.","IC2030","Wastewater Treatment","Stand-alone wastewater treatment companies treat wastewater from residential, commercial, and industrial sources to a certain discharge or reuse standard.","IC203010","Residential Wastewater Treatment and Reuse","Residential wastewater treatment facility employed to reduce contamination level for reuse. Those include Constructed wetlands, biogas settlers, anaerobic baffled reactors, septic tanks, leach fields, evapo-transpiration beds, and surface or subsurface groundwater recharge."]
["IC20","Environmental Services","Companies involved in the treatment of water, wastewater, and solid waste for sanitation and reuse purposes.","IC2030","Wastewater Treatment","Stand-alone wastewater treatment companies treat wastewater from residential, commercial, and industrial sources to a certain discharge or reuse standard.","IC203020","Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Reuse","Companies that employ Industries wastewater purification and recycle for reuse through methods such as sedimentation, aerobic biological treatment, oxidation ponds, biological nutrient removal and disinfection."]
["IC20","Environmental Services","Companies involved in the treatment of water, wastewater, and solid waste for sanitation and reuse purposes.","IC2040","Environmental Management","Environmental management companies invest in projects that conserve natural resources, protect habitats, and control hazards.","IC204010","Flood Control","Drainage infrastructure system to hold rainwater in order to prevent urban flooding.  This includes temporary rainwater storage tanks and drains and canals. The flood control infrastructure also includes temporary flood barriers such as sheet-piling or raised embankments in flood-prone areas."]
["IC20","Environmental Services","Companies involved in the treatment of water, wastewater, and solid waste for sanitation and reuse purposes.","IC2040","Environmental Management","Environmental management companies invest in projects that conserve natural resources, protect habitats, and control hazards.","IC204020","Coastal and Riverine Locks","Lock systems that protect marine habitats, control connectivity between rivers and their tributaries and barriers that keep seawater out at the coastal for flood protection"]
["IC20","Environmental Services","Companies involved in the treatment of water, wastewater, and solid waste for sanitation and reuse purposes.","IC2040","Environmental Management","Environmental management companies invest in projects that conserve natural resources, protect habitats, and control hazards.","IC204030","Energy Efficiency","Energy efficient infrastructure that helps reduce energy demand, while improving energy efficiency and prioritizing emission reductions"]
["IC20","Environmental Services","Companies involved in the treatment of water, wastewater, and solid waste for sanitation and reuse purposes.","IC2040","Environmental Management","Environmental management companies invest in projects that conserve natural resources, protect habitats, and control hazards.","IC204040","Carbon Capture","Carbon capture facility refer to point-source carbon capture from the energy, industrial and manufacturing processes. The captured carbon is transported via pipeline to underground carbon dioxide storage in geological formations or reusing it for other purposes."]
["IC30","Social Infrastructure","Companies involved in the delivery of support and accommodation services for public or other services.","IC3010","Defence Services","Defence infrastructure companies provide noncombatant support services to public-sector military organisations, including strategic transport, training facilities, and telecommunications.","IC301010","Strategic Transport and Refuelling","Provision of defence services by a facility in strategic transport and refuelling aircraft."]
["IC30","Social Infrastructure","Companies involved in the delivery of support and accommodation services for public or other services.","IC3010","Defence Services","Defence infrastructure companies provide noncombatant support services to public-sector military organisations, including strategic transport, training facilities, and telecommunications.","IC301020","Training Facilities","Buildings, facilities and grounds that are used by defence forces for military training."]
["IC30","Social Infrastructure","Companies involved in the delivery of support and accommodation services for public or other services.","IC3010","Defence Services","Defence infrastructure companies provide noncombatant support services to public-sector military organisations, including strategic transport, training facilities, and telecommunications.","IC301030","Barracks and Accommodation","Army barracks and provision of defence living accommodation."]
["IC30","Social Infrastructure","Companies involved in the delivery of support and accommodation services for public or other services.","IC3020","Education Services","Infrastructure companies providing education services through the development and maintenance of school and university buildings and related facilities for the use of public or private institutions.","IC302010","Schools (Classes and Sports Facilities)","Buildings with facilities necessary for instructional for primary and secondary students and have the related supporting purposes including classrooms, libraries, cafeterias and physical sport spaces."]
["IC30","Social Infrastructure","Companies involved in the delivery of support and accommodation services for public or other services.","IC3020","Education Services","Infrastructure companies providing education services through the development and maintenance of school and university buildings and related facilities for the use of public or private institutions.","IC302020","Universities (Classes, Labs, Administration Buildings)","Buildings with facilities necessary for instructional for tertiary students and have the related supporting purposes including classrooms, libraries, cafeterias and physical sport spaces."]
["IC30","Social Infrastructure","Companies involved in the delivery of support and accommodation services for public or other services.","IC3020","Education Services","Infrastructure companies providing education services through the development and maintenance of school and university buildings and related facilities for the use of public or private institutions.","IC302030","Student Accommodation","Dormitories for students to live in, with residential quarters for large number of students."]
["IC30","Social Infrastructure","Companies involved in the delivery of support and accommodation services for public or other services.","IC3030","Government Services","Infrastructure companies providing support and accommodation services to government departments and other public-sector organisations and agencies.","IC303010","Police Stations and Facilities","Buildings with office spaces available to officers, detectives and administrative employees and has other related facilities, including cells for detainers."]
["IC30","Social Infrastructure","Companies involved in the delivery of support and accommodation services for public or other services.","IC3030","Government Services","Infrastructure companies providing support and accommodation services to government departments and other public-sector organisations and agencies.","IC303020","Courts of Justice","Buildings and facilities for provision of judicial system."]
["IC30","Social Infrastructure","Companies involved in the delivery of support and accommodation services for public or other services.","IC3030","Government Services","Infrastructure companies providing support and accommodation services to government departments and other public-sector organisations and agencies.","IC303030","Prisons","Secure confinement of people who have been convicted or charged with crimes and in removing them from free society."]
["IC30","Social Infrastructure","Companies involved in the delivery of support and accommodation services for public or other services.","IC3030","Government Services","Infrastructure companies providing support and accommodation services to government departments and other public-sector organisations and agencies.","IC303040","Street Lighting","Streetlights that provide source of light along public roads, back lanes and service roads."]
["IC30","Social Infrastructure","Companies involved in the delivery of support and accommodation services for public or other services.","IC3030","Government Services","Infrastructure companies providing support and accommodation services to government departments and other public-sector organisations and agencies.","IC303050","Social Accommodation","Public housing whereby it is meant for lower-income households to rent and acquire. It is usually set at a fairly low cost by organisations such as the local council."]
["IC30","Social Infrastructure","Companies involved in the delivery of support and accommodation services for public or other services.","IC3030","Government Services","Infrastructure companies providing support and accommodation services to government departments and other public-sector organisations and agencies.","IC303060","Government Buildings and Office Accommodation","Buildings used for governmental purposes and manage government agencies’ office accommodation needs."]
["IC30","Social Infrastructure","Companies involved in the delivery of support and accommodation services for public or other services.","IC3040","Health and Social Care Services","Healthcare infrastructure companies provide support service and facilities to public- or private-sector medical treatment units.","IC304010","Hospitals","A building that is used to house one or more wards with beds for inpatients and health facilities with medical equipment and device for nursing care, treatment to a patient, and other healthcare services. "]
["IC30","Social Infrastructure","Companies involved in the delivery of support and accommodation services for public or other services.","IC3040","Health and Social Care Services","Healthcare infrastructure companies provide support service and facilities to public- or private-sector medical treatment units.","IC304020","Clinics","A facility or hospital department where outpatients get medical treatment or consultation, from general medical care to specialist services."]
["IC30","Social Infrastructure","Companies involved in the delivery of support and accommodation services for public or other services.","IC3040","Health and Social Care Services","Healthcare infrastructure companies provide support service and facilities to public- or private-sector medical treatment units.","IC304030","Residential and Assisted Living","Nursing homes for people who need daily care and primary provision of health and personal care services. "]
["IC30","Social Infrastructure","Companies involved in the delivery of support and accommodation services for public or other services.","IC3040","Health and Social Care Services","Healthcare infrastructure companies provide support service and facilities to public- or private-sector medical treatment units.","IC304040","Crematorium","A building with facilities including a cremation furnace and chamber."]
["IC30","Social Infrastructure","Companies involved in the delivery of support and accommodation services for public or other services.","IC3050","Recreational Facilities","Convention, entertainment, and recreational facilities infrastructure companies deliver and maintain various large-scale leisure facilities typically requiring a bespoke structural-engineering component.","IC305010","Stadiums and Sports Centres","It is a venue with a field or stage surrounded by tiers of seats that house a large scale of spectators for sports events, concerts or other events. "]
["IC30","Social Infrastructure","Companies involved in the delivery of support and accommodation services for public or other services.","IC3050","Recreational Facilities","Convention, entertainment, and recreational facilities infrastructure companies deliver and maintain various large-scale leisure facilities typically requiring a bespoke structural-engineering component.","IC305020","Public Parks and Gardens","An area designed for active or passive public recreational use."]
["IC30","Social Infrastructure","Companies involved in the delivery of support and accommodation services for public or other services.","IC3050","Recreational Facilities","Convention, entertainment, and recreational facilities infrastructure companies deliver and maintain various large-scale leisure facilities typically requiring a bespoke structural-engineering component.","IC305030","Convention and Exhibition Centres","A large building with exhibition facilities and halls designed exclusively for convention and exhibition."]
["IC30","Social Infrastructure","Companies involved in the delivery of support and accommodation services for public or other services.","IC3050","Recreational Facilities","Convention, entertainment, and recreational facilities infrastructure companies deliver and maintain various large-scale leisure facilities typically requiring a bespoke structural-engineering component.","IC305040","Arts, Libraries, and Museums","Buildings with collections of literature, history of arts and architecture and provision of services for visitors and students."]
["IC40","Energy and Water Resources","Companies involved in the treatment and delivery of natural resources.","IC4010","Natural Resources Transportation Companies","Natural Resources Transportation Companies develop and operate high-pressure transmission pipelines and natural resources transportation.","IC401010","Gas Pipeline","An infrastructure composed of pipes that transport extracted natural gas from the point where natural gas was extracted to the point where it was processed or delivered to the starting point of the distribution system."]
["IC40","Energy and Water Resources","Companies involved in the treatment and delivery of natural resources.","IC4010","Natural Resources Transportation Companies","Natural Resources Transportation Companies develop and operate high-pressure transmission pipelines and natural resources transportation.","IC401020","Oil Pipeline","Pipelines that move crude oil production from wells to central stations for further handling. It includes pipelines that deliver oil to larger transmission pipelines transporting their products to refineries and export facilities."]
["IC40","Energy and Water Resources","Companies involved in the treatment and delivery of natural resources.","IC4010","Natural Resources Transportation Companies","Natural Resources Transportation Companies develop and operate high-pressure transmission pipelines and natural resources transportation.","IC401030","Water Pipeline","An infrastructure of high-pressure and long-distance water conveyance pipelines used to move water to serve urban and agricultural users from major sources of water."]
["IC40","Energy and Water Resources","Companies involved in the treatment and delivery of natural resources.","IC4010","Natural Resources Transportation Companies","Natural Resources Transportation Companies develop and operate high-pressure transmission pipelines and natural resources transportation.","IC401040","Wastewater Pipeline","Pipelines that collect wastewater produced at production sites and pumps it at high pressure to remote storage or a disposal site."]
["IC40","Energy and Water Resources","Companies involved in the treatment and delivery of natural resources.","IC4010","Natural Resources Transportation Companies","Natural Resources Transportation Companies develop and operate high-pressure transmission pipelines and natural resources transportation.","IC401050","LNG Ships","Ship vessel equipped with containment systems carrying LNG in bulk. The system has heavy-insulated, temperature-controlled tanks that ensure the LNG is kept in a liquid state, enabling gas transportation between the liquefaction plant and the regasification site."]
["IC40","Energy and Water Resources","Companies involved in the treatment and delivery of natural resources.","IC4020","Energy Resource Processing Companies","Energy natural resource processing companies transform crude oil, natural gas, and other commodities into various derivative or transformed products.","IC402010","Liquefied Natural Gas - Liquefaction","LNG facilities where the natural gas is processed and treated through the gas liquefaction cycle, before storage or transportation."]
["IC40","Energy and Water Resources","Companies involved in the treatment and delivery of natural resources.","IC4020","Energy Resource Processing Companies","Energy natural resource processing companies transform crude oil, natural gas, and other commodities into various derivative or transformed products.","IC402020","Liquefied Natural Gas - Regasification","Facilities that convert the liquefied natural gas back to a gaseous state by using a heat exchanger with sea water as a heat medium to increase the heat of the natural gas to change it from liquid to a gaseous state. "]
["IC40","Energy and Water Resources","Companies involved in the treatment and delivery of natural resources.","IC4020","Energy Resource Processing Companies","Energy natural resource processing companies transform crude oil, natural gas, and other commodities into various derivative or transformed products.","IC402030","Crude Oil Refinery","An oil refinery is an industrial plant that transforms or refines crude oil into various usable petroleum products. The process involves distillation, cracking and reforming. "]
["IC40","Energy and Water Resources","Companies involved in the treatment and delivery of natural resources.","IC4020","Energy Resource Processing Companies","Energy natural resource processing companies transform crude oil, natural gas, and other commodities into various derivative or transformed products.","IC402040","Bioethanol Fuel","A type of fuel that is derived from plant material. In most cases, this means that the fuel is made from corn or other types of grain. The plant material is fermented using a fermentation tank and then distilled to create the final product."]
["IC40","Energy and Water Resources","Companies involved in the treatment and delivery of natural resources.","IC4030","Energy Resource Storage Companies","Energy natural resource storage companies provide storage services to private and public clients by exploiting large natural caverns or buildings and maintaining over- or underground tanks.","IC403010","Gas Storage","Natural gas is typically held underground in three types of reservoirs: depleted oil and gas fields, depleted aquifers, and in salt beds and salt caverns."]
["IC40","Energy and Water Resources","Companies involved in the treatment and delivery of natural resources.","IC4030","Energy Resource Storage Companies","Energy natural resource storage companies provide storage services to private and public clients by exploiting large natural caverns or buildings and maintaining over- or underground tanks.","IC403020","Liquid Storage","Liquid terminals and above-ground storage tank facilities are interconnected with and used to store natural resources in liquid form."]
["IC40","Energy and Water Resources","Companies involved in the treatment and delivery of natural resources.","IC4030","Energy Resource Storage Companies","Energy natural resource storage companies provide storage services to private and public clients by exploiting large natural caverns or buildings and maintaining over- or underground tanks.","IC403030","Other Storage","Storage facilities for natural resources other than liquid and gas."]
["IC40","Energy and Water Resources","Companies involved in the treatment and delivery of natural resources.","IC4030","Energy Resource Storage Companies","Energy natural resource storage companies provide storage services to private and public clients by exploiting large natural caverns or buildings and maintaining over- or underground tanks.","IC403040","Floating Storage Units - FSU","Floating terminal with storage facilities for LNG. "]
["IC50","Data Infrastructure","Companies involved in the provision of telecommunication and data infrastructure.","IC5010","Data Transmission","Data transmission companies involved in the construction, operation, and maintenance of data transmission assets including telecommunications towers, land or sea based long-distance communication cables, and communication satellites.","IC501010","Cell towers","A short structure that houses equipment for transmitting and receiving radio signals between a cell phone and a network. The equipment at a cell tower site includes a tower, equipment shelter, generator, and battery backup."]
["IC50","Data Infrastructure","Companies involved in the provision of telecommunication and data infrastructure.","IC5010","Data Transmission","Data transmission companies involved in the construction, operation, and maintenance of data transmission assets including telecommunications towers, land or sea based long-distance communication cables, and communication satellites.","IC501020","Long-Distance Cables","Long distance cables on land and subsea cables where fibre optic cables connect countries across the world via cables typically buried underground or laid on the seabed."]
["IC50","Data Infrastructure","Companies involved in the provision of telecommunication and data infrastructure.","IC5010","Data Transmission","Data transmission companies involved in the construction, operation, and maintenance of data transmission assets including telecommunications towers, land or sea based long-distance communication cables, and communication satellites.","IC501030","Communication Satellites","Satellite companies own and operate individual or constellations of commercial or military satellites to serve various private- or public-sector clients"]
["IC50","Data Infrastructure","Companies involved in the provision of telecommunication and data infrastructure.","IC5010","Data Transmission","Data transmission companies involved in the construction, operation, and maintenance of data transmission assets including telecommunications towers, land or sea based long-distance communication cables, and communication satellites.","IC501040","Radio and media towers","A tall structure usually have large antennas on top to enable the transmission of radio waves over long distances for television and radio stations."]
["IC50","Data Infrastructure","Companies involved in the provision of telecommunication and data infrastructure.","IC5020","Data Storage","Data storage companies involved in the development, operation, and maintenance of physical data storage infrastructure. This does not include companies that offer data storage in addition to other products.","IC502010","Data Centres","A dedicated physical facility that used by enterprises to store and share applications and data."]
["IC60","Transport","Companies involved in the provision of transportation infrastructure services.","IC6010","Airport Companies","Airport companies build, maintain, and operate airport terminals, runways, and associated support and logistical services. Large airports also lease property for commercial and retail purposes.","IC601010","Airport","Airport companies build, maintain, and operate airport terminals, runways, and associated support and logistical services. Large airports also lease property for commercial and retail purposes."]
["IC60","Transport","Companies involved in the provision of transportation infrastructure services.","IC6020","Car Park Companies","Car park service companies provide individual and commercial end users with vehicle-parking facilities. They are relatively small-scale structures built over- and underground mostly within large urban areas.","IC602010","Car Park","Building or space designated for parking. It can be in the form of attendant facility, metered facility, or operated by means of automatic parking gates."]
["IC60","Transport","Companies involved in the provision of transportation infrastructure services.","IC6030","Port Companies","Port infrastructure companies build, maintain, and operate port jetties, passenger terminals, and freight transit and storage facilities.","IC603010","Tool Port","A port model where port infrastructure companies leases both the port infrastructure and superstructure assets from the authority and provides services to 3rd parties. The assets are owned, developed and maintained by the port authority."]
["IC60","Transport","Companies involved in the provision of transportation infrastructure services.","IC6030","Port Companies","Port infrastructure companies build, maintain, and operate port jetties, passenger terminals, and freight transit and storage facilities.","IC603020","Bulk Goods Port","Industrial port that has all the facilities required for the storage and transhipment of bulk cargo."]
["IC60","Transport","Companies involved in the provision of transportation infrastructure services.","IC6030","Port Companies","Port infrastructure companies build, maintain, and operate port jetties, passenger terminals, and freight transit and storage facilities.","IC603030","Container Port","It is a facility where cargo containers are transhipped between different types of transport vehicles - for example, container vessel to container trucks or trains."]
["IC60","Transport","Companies involved in the provision of transportation infrastructure services.","IC6030","Port Companies","Port infrastructure companies build, maintain, and operate port jetties, passenger terminals, and freight transit and storage facilities.","IC603040","Other Port","Ports other than tool port,  bulk goods port and container port."]
["IC60","Transport","Companies involved in the provision of transportation infrastructure services.","IC6040","Rail Companies","Rail companies provide long-distance, intercity passenger and freight services.","IC604010","Heavy Rail Lines","Long-distance heavy rail tracks out to the suburbs or between the cities. "]
["IC60","Transport","Companies involved in the provision of transportation infrastructure services.","IC6040","Rail Companies","Rail companies provide long-distance, intercity passenger and freight services.","IC604020","High Speed Rail Lines","Long-distance tracks with dedicated electrification, grade separated from roads and other railroads that allow rail transportation to at higher speed than traditional rail traffic."]
["IC60","Transport","Companies involved in the provision of transportation infrastructure services.","IC6040","Rail Companies","Rail companies provide long-distance, intercity passenger and freight services.","IC604030","Freight Rail Rolling Stock","Railway vehicles in both powered and unpowered vehicles usually in the form of rail freight locomotives and heavy-haul wagons."]
["IC60","Transport","Companies involved in the provision of transportation infrastructure services.","IC6040","Rail Companies","Rail companies provide long-distance, intercity passenger and freight services.","IC604040","Passenger Rail Rolling Stock","Coaches that designed to carry passengers on a railway."]
["IC60","Transport","Companies involved in the provision of transportation infrastructure services.","IC6050","Road Companies","Road companies build, maintain, and operate roads and motorways including bridges and tunnels.","IC605010","Motorways","The motorway connects two or more important cities, and usually, the traffic is uninterrupted without traffic signals. It allows vehicles to travel at high speed, and it is common in two lanes per side of the road and has tollgates as motorways charge tolls. "]
["IC60","Transport","Companies involved in the provision of transportation infrastructure services.","IC6050","Road Companies","Road companies build, maintain, and operate roads and motorways including bridges and tunnels.","IC605020","Motorway Network","A network of roads with inter-city features that have a number of lanes and connect different towns and cities with intersecting roads via traffic lights is a system of highways in any country."]
["IC60","Transport","Companies involved in the provision of transportation infrastructure services.","IC6050","Road Companies","Road companies build, maintain, and operate roads and motorways including bridges and tunnels.","IC605030","Dual-Carriage way roads","Divided highway which multiple lanes with traffic going in opposite direction."]
["IC60","Transport","Companies involved in the provision of transportation infrastructure services.","IC6050","Road Companies","Road companies build, maintain, and operate roads and motorways including bridges and tunnels.","IC605040","Stand-Alone Tunnels","Underground passageway purposed to connect passage under a mountain or river and divert traffic from congested urban areas."]
["IC60","Transport","Companies involved in the provision of transportation infrastructure services.","IC6050","Road Companies","Road companies build, maintain, and operate roads and motorways including bridges and tunnels.","IC605050","Stand-Alone Bridges","A structure spanning and providing passage over a gap or barrier, such as river or roadway. Types of bridges include arch bridge, beam bridge, girder bridge, cable stayed bridge and truss bridge."]
["IC60","Transport","Companies involved in the provision of transportation infrastructure services.","IC6060","Urban Commuter Companies","Urban commuter companies build, maintain, and operate urban rail routes from light (tramway) to mass-transit rail tracks, including over- and underground rail lines.","IC606010","Urban Light-Rail","A system of tramway tracks and powered by overhead electrical wires and used for medium-capacity local transportation in metropolitan areas. "]
["IC60","Transport","Companies involved in the provision of transportation infrastructure services.","IC6060","Urban Commuter Companies","Urban commuter companies build, maintain, and operate urban rail routes from light (tramway) to mass-transit rail tracks, including over- and underground rail lines.","IC606020","Underground Mass Transit","Underground railway system within suburban areas."]
["IC60","Transport","Companies involved in the provision of transportation infrastructure services.","IC6060","Urban Commuter Companies","Urban commuter companies build, maintain, and operate urban rail routes from light (tramway) to mass-transit rail tracks, including over- and underground rail lines.","IC606030","Overground Mass Transit","Overground railway system within suburban areas."]
["IC60","Transport","Companies involved in the provision of transportation infrastructure services.","IC6060","Urban Commuter Companies","Urban commuter companies build, maintain, and operate urban rail routes from light (tramway) to mass-transit rail tracks, including over- and underground rail lines.","IC606040","Bus Transportation","A bus rapid transit system that runs within the metropolitan area. The infrastructure assets include stations, terminals and bus fleet."]
["IC70","Renewable Power","Stand-alone power generation and transmission companies using wind, solar, hydro and other renewable energy sources. Also energy storage companies.","IC7010","Wind Power Generation","Wind power companies produce electricity using wind power to operate various types of electromagnetic turbines.","IC701010","On-Shore Wind Power Generation","Onshore wind energy is generated by wind turbines that are located on land and use the wind occurring in terrestrial locations."]
["IC70","Renewable Power","Stand-alone power generation and transmission companies using wind, solar, hydro and other renewable energy sources. Also energy storage companies.","IC7010","Wind Power Generation","Wind power companies produce electricity using wind power to operate various types of electromagnetic turbines.","IC701020","Off-Shore Wind Power Generation","Offshore wind energy that relies on the power of the wind at sea, where it has greater speed and is more consistent due to the lack of barriers. Megastructures, seated atop the seabed and equipped with turbines, are utilized to harness this powerful resource."]
["IC70","Renewable Power","Stand-alone power generation and transmission companies using wind, solar, hydro and other renewable energy sources. Also energy storage companies.","IC7020","Solar Power Generation","Solar power companies produce electricity by capturing solar radiation using a range of solar-cell technologies.","IC702010","Photovoltaic Power Generation","Uses Photovoltaic (PV) panels that convert sunlight into electricity energy. A photovoltaic (PV) system is composed of one or more solar panels combined with an inverter, a mounting apparatus (Racking) and other electrical and mechanical hardware that use energy from the Sun to generate electricity."]
["IC70","Renewable Power","Stand-alone power generation and transmission companies using wind, solar, hydro and other renewable energy sources. Also energy storage companies.","IC7020","Solar Power Generation","Solar power companies produce electricity by capturing solar radiation using a range of solar-cell technologies.","IC702020","Thermal Solar Power","Solar thermal energy generation that collect and concentrate sunlight to produce the high temperature heat needed to generate electricity."]
["IC70","Renewable Power","Stand-alone power generation and transmission companies using wind, solar, hydro and other renewable energy sources. Also energy storage companies.","IC7030","Hydroelectric Power Generation","Hydroelectric power generating companies use water to produce electricity. This can either be from a dam or from a river.","IC703010","Hydroelectric Dam Power Generation","Power station that has turbines relying on gravity flow of water from the dam to generate electricity."]
["IC70","Renewable Power","Stand-alone power generation and transmission companies using wind, solar, hydro and other renewable energy sources. Also energy storage companies.","IC7030","Hydroelectric Power Generation","Hydroelectric power generating companies use water to produce electricity. This can either be from a dam or from a river.","IC703020","Hydroelectric Run-of-River Power","Power station that harness the energy from a flowing river to generate electricity."]
["IC70","Renewable Power","Stand-alone power generation and transmission companies using wind, solar, hydro and other renewable energy sources. Also energy storage companies.","IC7030","Hydroelectric Power Generation","Hydroelectric power generating companies use water to produce electricity. This can either be from a dam or from a river.","IC703030","Pumped Hydroelectric storage","Hydroelectric energy storage facilities that store energy via interconnected reservoirs with one at a lower elevation."]
["IC70","Renewable Power","Stand-alone power generation and transmission companies using wind, solar, hydro and other renewable energy sources. Also energy storage companies.","IC7040","Other Renewable Power Generation","Other renewable power generation companies using various physical phenomena or alternative renewable fuels (other than the wind, sun, or hydro) to generate electricity.","IC704010","Biomass Power Generation","Power facilities that convert biomass waste, logging residue or agriculture to energy through processes of direct combustion to create heat in generating electricity."]
["IC70","Renewable Power","Stand-alone power generation and transmission companies using wind, solar, hydro and other renewable energy sources. Also energy storage companies.","IC7040","Other Renewable Power Generation","Other renewable power generation companies using various physical phenomena or alternative renewable fuels (other than the wind, sun, or hydro) to generate electricity.","IC704020","Geothermal Power Generation","Power plants that uses geothermal energy to generate electricity via flash system, binary cycle system or dry steam system."]
["IC70","Renewable Power","Stand-alone power generation and transmission companies using wind, solar, hydro and other renewable energy sources. Also energy storage companies.","IC7040","Other Renewable Power Generation","Other renewable power generation companies using various physical phenomena or alternative renewable fuels (other than the wind, sun, or hydro) to generate electricity.","IC704030","Wave Power Generation","Facilities that generate electricity from harnessing the wave energy from oceans."]
["IC70","Renewable Power","Stand-alone power generation and transmission companies using wind, solar, hydro and other renewable energy sources. Also energy storage companies.","IC7050","Other Renewable Technologies","Other renewables technology companies use a variety of different methods to provide, store and transmit renewable energy.","IC705010","Battery storage","Storage devices enable energy from renewables, like solar and wind, to be stored and released when the users require it."]
["IC70","Renewable Power","Stand-alone power generation and transmission companies using wind, solar, hydro and other renewable energy sources. Also energy storage companies.","IC7050","Other Renewable Technologies","Other renewables technology companies use a variety of different methods to provide, store and transmit renewable energy.","IC705020","Off-Shore Transmission (OFTO)","Electrical transmission assets that connect offshore wind farms to the onshore electricity network."]
["IC70","Renewable Power","Stand-alone power generation and transmission companies using wind, solar, hydro and other renewable energy sources. Also energy storage companies.","IC7050","Other Renewable Technologies","Other renewables technology companies use a variety of different methods to provide, store and transmit renewable energy.","IC705030","Thermal storage","Energy storage system that store thermal energy to be used later. It operates by means of heating or cooling a media such as water tank."]
["IC70","Renewable Power","Stand-alone power generation and transmission companies using wind, solar, hydro and other renewable energy sources. Also energy storage companies.","IC7060","Hydrogen power generation","Hydrogen fired power generating companies that use hydrogen as a fuel. In which the fuel was produced through the electrolysis process. Further involves infrastructure in containing hydrogen through a common method of pressurized storage.","IC706010","Hydrogen-fired power generation","Power plants that generate electricity from the hydrogen fuel cells."]
["IC70","Renewable Power","Stand-alone power generation and transmission companies using wind, solar, hydro and other renewable energy sources. Also energy storage companies.","IC7060","Hydrogen power generation","Hydrogen fired power generating companies that use hydrogen as a fuel. In which the fuel was produced through the electrolysis process. Further involves infrastructure in containing hydrogen through a common method of pressurized storage.","IC706020","Hydrogen fuel cells","Electricity from renewable sources will be fed into an electrolyser with water to make green hydrogen. Where the hydrogen fuel will be compressed, stored, and sold for use as a carbon-free fuel."]
["IC70","Renewable Power","Stand-alone power generation and transmission companies using wind, solar, hydro and other renewable energy sources. Also energy storage companies.","IC7060","Hydrogen power generation","Hydrogen fired power generating companies that use hydrogen as a fuel. In which the fuel was produced through the electrolysis process. Further involves infrastructure in containing hydrogen through a common method of pressurized storage.","IC706030","Hydrogen storage","Storage facilities that store hydrogen in either gas or liquid forms through means such as salt caverns and pipe storage."]
["IC80","Network Utilities","Companies operating an infrastructure network with natural monopoly characteristics (barriers to entry, increasing returns to scale).","IC8010","Electricity Distribution Companies","Electricity distribution companies distribute medium-voltage electricity to final consumers.","IC801010","Electricity Distribution Network","Distribution lines are low-voltage power lines that transport energy from substations to residences, businesses, and other end users. The lines are shorter and span less distance."]
["IC80","Network Utilities","Companies operating an infrastructure network with natural monopoly characteristics (barriers to entry, increasing returns to scale).","IC8020","Electricity Transmission Companies","Electricity transmission companies transmit relatively high-voltage electricity from the point of generation source to a distribution network.","IC802010","Electricity Transmission Network","Transmission power lines connect power plants to substations at a high voltage. Transmission lines can transport electricity from one end of the country to the other using interstate connections. "]
["IC80","Network Utilities","Companies operating an infrastructure network with natural monopoly characteristics (barriers to entry, increasing returns to scale).","IC8030","District Cooling/Heating Companies","Heating or cooling companies provide service in urban areas using combined heat and power to recycle or reuse waste heat.","IC803010","District Cooling/Heating Network","A heating network generates and distributes heat in the form of hot water and superheated steam using one or more generating units. While district cooling refers to a cooling network in a centralized system that provides chilled water to supply an air conditioning system."]
["IC80","Network Utilities","Companies operating an infrastructure network with natural monopoly characteristics (barriers to entry, increasing returns to scale).","IC8040","Water and Sewerage Companies","Water and sewerage companies provide potable water treatment and distribution services as well as the collection, treatment, and disposal of wastewater and sewerage.","IC804010","Water and Sewerage Network","Water is delivered to end consumers via a network of pipelines, mains, and pumping stations, and is stored in a system of urban water service reservoirs. While sewerage systems are made up of service branch lines from the end users, which feed into reticulation mains. The mains feed into pump stations and trunk sewers, which then lead to treatment plants."]
["IC80","Network Utilities","Companies operating an infrastructure network with natural monopoly characteristics (barriers to entry, increasing returns to scale).","IC8050","Gas Distribution Companies","Gas distribution companies operate low-pressure pipeline networks delivering natural gas to end residential, commercial, and industrial consumers.","IC805010","Gas Distribution Network","Gas distribution deals with the medium and low pressure gas mains that convey gas to end customers by a distribution utility."]
["IC80","Network Utilities","Companies operating an infrastructure network with natural monopoly characteristics (barriers to entry, increasing returns to scale).","IC8060","Data Distribution Companies","Data distribution companies involve in provision of essential data network especially to sectors of economy (e.g. financial systems, industrial supply chain, public utilities, etc) through utilisation of fiber networks, cell towers, data centers and other data infrastructure.","IC806010","Data Distribution Network","Fibre-to-the-Home (FTTH) network whereby a network that connects telecom facilities with the end-users over optical fibre to provide communication signals."]
["IC80","Network Utilities","Companies operating an infrastructure network with natural monopoly characteristics (barriers to entry, increasing returns to scale).","IC8070","Smart metering Companies","A metering system that monitors and records the utility consumption in a building or area. It usually consists of networked meters built together with sensors and controllers.","IC807010","Smart metering network","Smart meter assets installed in the distribution grids to improve energy and gas management and reduce carbon emissions. And water meters in homes and businesses to measure water consumption and encourage water conservation."]

{"sheet":"GE","index":4,"n_rows":5,"n_cols":3,"rows_kept":5,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}
["GeoeconomicCodeAndName","GeoeconomicDefinition","GeoeconomicExamples"]
["GE1 - Global infrastructure companies","The relevant infrastructure is exposed to global economic factors, e.g., international airports, oil and gas pipelines, some ports, etc.","Major transportation hubs, projects exposed to global commodity prices."]
["GE2 - Regional infrastructure companies","The relevant infrastructure is exposed to a group of national economies, e.g., energy transmission between two or more countries, airports serving regional routes. A regional regulator or legal framework may also exist such as the European Union.","Medium-size container ports, transborder projects like transmission lines or certain road corridors."]
["GE3 - National infrastructure companies","The relevant infrastructure is exposed to the national economy, e.g., domestic airports and national electricity transmission assets, and is relevant to the national government or a national regulator.","Large-scale road or telecommunicaton networks, companies regulated by a national-level entity."]
["GE4 - Subnational infrastructure companies","The relevant infrastructure serves the local economy, e.g., schools and hospitals, and has subsovereign public clients or counterparts.","Municipal or other subsovereign-entity social infrastructure projects."]

{"sheet":"CS","index":5,"n_rows":4,"n_cols":3,"rows_kept":4,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[]}
["CorporateStructureClasses","CorporateStructureSubclasses","CorporateStructureSynonyms"]
["CS1 - Infrastructure project companies: Companies according to the Basel-II defintion of project finance created for the sole purpose of building and operating a well-defined tangible infrastructure asset limited in time and space.","CS10 - With creditor oversight project companies: Infrastructure project companies with presence of external senior debt","- Special-purpose vehicle\n- Special-purpose entity\n- Single-project company"]
[null,"CS11 - Without creditor oversight project companies: Infrastructure project companies without presence of external senior debt."]
["CS2 - Infrastructure corporates",null,"- Multiproject company"]